Abstract
Adsorptive nonwoven substrates are composite media that contain adsorbent materials within their fibrous structure; the methods to incorporate adsorbents in nonwoven webs determine their adsorption capacity. The key objective for hybridization is to immobilize the adsorbent while controlling the packing density and pressure drop of the composite media. Loading percentage of adsorbents, the accessible portion of their surface area, their attachment and stability within the structure, and time/cost/process to incorporate them is different for each hybridization technique. The general limitations associated with hybrid adsorptive nonwovens are summarized as surface area loss, process control, and production time/cost. The primary focus of this review is on hybridization techniques that incorporate activated carbons and/or metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in nonwoven structures, used in gas filtration. It was concluded that coating, thermal bonding, lamination, and coform methods have higher throughputs compared to electrospinning. In addition, coform method provides better control over accessible surface area of adsorbents.
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