Abstract
BackgroundA targeted drug nanoparticle (NP) delivery system has shown potential as a possible cancer treatment. Given its merits, such as its selective distribution at tumor sites and its controllable drug release, drug-loaded NPs can be effectively delivered to selected organs and targeted cells, thus enhancing its antitumor efficiency and reducing its toxicity.MethodsWe reported that hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated chitosan NPs promoted the drug delivery of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) into tumor cells that highly expressed CD44.ResultsOur new findings suggested that HA-coated chitosan NPs enhanced drug accumulation by effectively transporting NPs into CD44-overexpressed tumor cells, and they also resulted in mitochondrial damage induced by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compared to free drug and uncoated NPs, HA-coated chitosan NPs exhibited stronger inhibition rates and induced obvious apoptosis in CD44-overexpressed A549 cells.ConclusionsBiocompatible and biodegradable HA-coated chitosan NPs were developed to encapsulate a chemotherapeutic drug (5-Fu) to enhance drug accumulation in tumor cells and to improve the agent’s antitumor efficiency by offering targeted drug delivery via CD44.
Highlights
A targeted drug nanoparticle (NP) delivery system has shown potential as a possible cancer treatment
It was found that the characteristic absorption peaks of CS and hyaluronic acid (HA) were all visible along the spectrum of the HA-coated CS Nanobiotechnol (2017) 15:7Nanoparticles (NPs)
Compared with the spectra of CS and HA, there were no obvious new absorption peaks that appeared along the spectrum of HA-coated CS NPs, indicating that no new bonds were formed during the preparation of HA-coated CS NPs
Summary
A targeted drug nanoparticle (NP) delivery system has shown potential as a possible cancer treatment. Given its merits, such as its selective distribution at tumor sites and its controllable drug release, drug-loaded NPs can be effectively delivered to selected organs and targeted cells, enhancing its antitumor efficiency and reducing its toxicity. Nanoparticles (NPs), an effective drug delivery system, have shown potential clinical application in the treatment of cancer. To investigate whether drug-loaded NPs could induce more cell apoptosis, and to further determine whether NPs activated the ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, we designed HA-coated chitosan (CS) NPs to enhance antitumor efficiency via targeted drug delivery by way of the interactions between HA and CD44. Cell cytotoxicity and cellular apoptosis were assessed to confirm ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis and to evaluate the HA-coated CS NPs’ antitumor efficiency
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