Abstract
Renal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in urological tumors; it is necessary to develop a noninvasive and highly targeted thermal ablation method for the treatment of renal tumors. IR780 has been shown to be an effective photothermal agent for tumor thermal ablation. This study was designed to explore the feasibility of applying hyaluronic acid-IR780 nanoparticles (HA-IR780 NPs) for targeted thermal ablation of renal tumors using an in situ renal tumor model. The size of the nanoparticles was 172±8.2 nm; it showed a stable spherical nanostructure with good monodispersity. HA-IR780 NPs showed high photothermal efficiency, with the 20 μg/mL HA-IR780 NPs showing a maximum temperature increase of 24.5°C with 6 min of 808 nm laser irradiation. NIR imaging showed that the nanoparticles exhibited targeted accumulation in renal tumor tissues. The treatment efficacy of the HA-IR780 NPs showed that renal tumors treated with the HA-IR780 NPs and laser irradiation were effectively ablated. Our results showed that the HA-IR780 nanoparticles that mediated the photothermal effect could generate tumor-specific heat for the destruction of a renal tumor in a minimally invasive way, which provides a novel strategy for thermal ablation of renal tumors.
Highlights
Renal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in urology
radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has many advantages when compared with traditional surgery, but it has many disadvantages: nonuniform heat production in the tumor, tumor dissemination through the RFA catheter, and adjacent organs damaged by high temperature [8, 10]
To measure the intratumoral temperature, the Hyaluronic acid (HA)-IR780 NPs (5 mg/kg IR780) or PBS were intravenously injected into orthotopic renal cancer-bearing mice. 24 hours after injection, mice were anesthetized and the renal tumor was exposed by a small left flank incision; the intratumoral temperature changes under the laser irradiation (808 nm, 1 W/cm2) were recorded
Summary
Renal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in urology. Radical nephrectomy and nephron-sparing surgery are the major treatments for renal cancer [1,2,3,4,5]. RFA is a process where needle electrodes are placed in the tumor tissues; the radiofrequency energy was output by the needle to generate heat with a local temperature of 95~100°C and damage the tumor lesions [6,7,8,9]. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an effective method for treating tumors; photosensitizers can generate heat during laser irradiation, efficiently killing tumor cells and resulting in the ablation of tumors [11, 12]. When compared with radiofrequency ablation, photothermal therapy can uniformly generate heat at targeted tumor sites, is noninvasive, and provides a new strategy for thermal ablation of renal cancer [13,14,15,16]. The NPs were irradiated with an NIR laser to investigate its photothermal properties. We established a stable orthotopic renal tumor model, the biodistribution of the NPs was observed by NIR imaging, and the antitumor efficacy of the HA-IR780 NPs in the orthotopic renal tumor model was evaluated
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