Abstract
Peritoneal adhesions following abdominal procedures remain a major surgical issue. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of curcumin-soybean phosphatidylcholine (CUR-SPC) complex-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in hyaluronic acid (HA) gel. CUR-SPC complex, CUR-SPC NPs, and CUR-SPC-HA gel were fully characterized regarding particle size, zeta potential, morphology, XRD, FTIR, in-vitro release, and rheology. The in vivo efficacy was investigated in a rat model of cecum abrasion and sidewall defect. The optimized spherical-shaped CUR-SPC NPs had a high CUR loading with nanometric particle size (93 nm). CUR-SPC-HA gel showed a pseudoplastic behavior with a homogeneous distribution of CUR-SPC NPs and a sustained release profile over 3 weeks. The inhibitory effect of CUR-SPC-NP-HA gel on fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis was evidenced by histopathological (H&E and Masson trichrome staining) and immunohistochemical analyses (vimentin and collagen I expression). Thus, the proposed NP-gel hybrid system could be a promising postoperative anti-adhesion candidate, employing the advantages of CUR, SPC, and HA.
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