Abstract
The integration of offshore wind farms has revitalized the interest in multi–terminal high voltage direct current (M–HVdc) transmission grids. HVdc breakers’ importance has increased as M–HVdc grids are now a commercial truth. Several HVdc circuit breaker technologies have been developed, published, and appeared as prototypes for HVdc networks. This paper summarizes the HVdc breaker technologies from the last two decades, distributed mainly in literature. A comparison of various state–of–the–art HVdc breakers is presented. Further, areas are identified where further research and development are required. The goal is to provide primary challenges and prospects in the HVdc breaker field.
Highlights
The successful and reliable maneuver of multi–terminal high voltage direct current (M– HVdc) systems will impose the evolution of efficient dc grid protection and flexible control infrastructures
The multi–terminal HVdc (M–HVdc) systems consisting of multiple voltage source converters (VSCs) stations have become a promising solution because of recent development and the increased accessibility to high power VSCs from multiple vendors [6]
The recognition of the M–HVdc grid as a reliable and efficient network is forcefully subjected to the disposal of HVdc circuit breakers (DCCBs), making them one of the keys empowering technology [19,20,21,22,23]
Summary
The successful and reliable maneuver of multi–terminal high voltage direct current (M– HVdc) systems will impose the evolution of efficient dc grid protection and flexible control infrastructures. This will compel the power electronics and power systems operators to evolve appropriate protection schemes with HVdc breakers and control approaches to enhance the dc grid operation efficiency and reliability [1,2,3]. Considerable advantages and application ideas have been recognized and proposed regarding the M–HVdc system/grid [7,8,9]. The recognition of the M–HVdc grid as a reliable and efficient network is forcefully subjected to the disposal of HVdc circuit breakers (DCCBs), making them one of the keys empowering technology [19,20,21,22,23]. Recommendations for the improvement of circuit breakers are presented
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