HV-570, New maize (Zea mays L.) varietal prospect hybrid for the humid tropic of México

Abstract

Varietal hybrids represent an alternative in commercial maize production because of heterosis by crossing two maize varieties with good specific combining ability. The objectives of this research were to know the yield, agronomic traits and adaptability of varietal maize hybrids. Thus, during the spring summer season in 2016, 2017 y 2018 there were evaluated in Veracruz and Tabasco states 20 varietal hybrids, 5 experimental synthetics, the varieties VS-536 and V-537C and the hybrid H-520 used as check. These genotypes were arranged under complete blocks at random, with 28 treatments and three replications in plots of two rows 5m long, and 62,500 plants ha-1. From the combined analysis for grain yield there was found high significant differences for genotypes (G), environments (E) and for the Genotype environment interaction (GE). The best hybrids at 0.05 of probability were: SINT-2BxVS-536 (HV1), SINT-4BxVS-536 (HV-570) and SINT-4BxSINT-2B with yield from 6.70 a 7.21 t ha-1; Besides, the heterosis values with respect to the best parent were: 19.76, 13.46 y 11.29%, for each varietal hybrid, respectively. The varietal hybrid SINT-4BxVS-536 presented high yield, short plant and ear, good plant and ear aspect and good husk cover and it was defined for official registration as HV-570.