Abstract
The geomorphological, climatological and hydrological characteristics of the high Andean wetlands of the Chirripó National Park (PNCh) are analyzed. The PNCh is located in south-central Costa Rica, Central America. This analysis includes a geomorphological survey on a 1: 25 000 scale of the relief forms and processes, particularly those of glacial origin. The National Wetland Inventory carried out by the Wetlands Project (UNDP-SINAC-GEF) was also used, along with different climate change projections corresponding to the scenarios for the 2039-2059 and 2079-2099 horizons. The main objective is to characterize the current state of these ecosystems, to explain how and why they are formed, as well as to assess the possible implications in the hydrological cycle and the water supply of these wetlands due to future climate variations. The results showed the relevance of these natural reservoirs in maintaining the ecological dynamics of the PNCh. We also studied the services of water provision and regulation of the hydrological cycle in the basins that compose this protected area.
Highlights
Su geología se constituye por rocas plutónicas del Mioceno y volcánicas de edad Mio-Plioceno (Denyer & Alvarado, 2007)
The results showed the relevance of these natural reservoirs in maintaining the ecological dynamics of the Parque Nacional Chirripó (PNCh)
We also studied the services of water provision and regulation of the hydrological cycle in the basins that compose this protected area
Summary
Descripción de sitio: El PNCh se localiza en las coordenadas extremas de 9°22’43.824” - 9°36’45.706” N & 83°25’5.915” 83°39’49.048” W (Fig. 1). Se obtuvo un mapa preliminar a escala 1:25 000 que muestra las diferentes formas de relieve de origen glaciar y su asociación con los humedales presentes en el PNCh (Fig. 2). Si bien las imágenes tienen más de 10 años, al ser el PNCh una categoría de manejo que no permite alteraciones al ecosistema, y tal como fue corroborado en el campo, los humedales mantienen tanto su ubicación como su área, siendo este mapeo válido hasta fechas presentes. A partir de la línea base climática generada con la información entre 1979 y 1999, así como los escenarios de cambios en el clima de los periodos 2039-2059 y 2079-2099 en la región del PNCh, se analizan las posibles afectaciones en la dinámica natural de las formas de relieve glaciar, así como los humedales. Geomorfología de las áreas cubiertas por humedales del PN Chirripó: Entre las formas de origen glaciar de carácter erosivo
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