Abstract
Purpose. The aim of this piece is to study the manifestations of humanistic pursuits in a literary fiction work. The main interest is related to the interpretation of those existential and sociocultural concepts that underlie the dystopian novel by Lois Lowry. The theoretical basis of the study is based on works on phenomenology and the theory of reader reception. The method of phenomenology is a descriptive method: the phenomena of consciousness cannot be reduced to limited cognitive forms, and therefore language and means of description are important along with their ability to reveal consciousness through phenomena. Originality of the study lies in the investigation of the humanistic aspect of a dystopian society, depicted in the modern literary fiction. The main attention is focused on the phenomenological identification of existential ideas and their manifestation in the literary characters of the given work. The conclusions speak about the tendencies of humanization and dehumanization of a man and society in the context of philosophical, ethical and aesthetic issues, which are the most important and urgent problems of our time. The current study finds out that in the modern dystopian literature and philosophy, the main subject of attention is a human. This human is perceived and depicted as a phenomenon that cannot be grasped by the notions of intimation and essence. The human is a creature whose freedom presupposes a constant departure from nature and habitual reality to the realm of transcendent through the desire to comprehend his or her certain way of existence.
Highlights
The study or even cognition of the real living world should commence with the study of consciousness, as far as only due to and through consciousness can one get access to reality
These methods influenced the development of existentialism, hermeneutics, and analytical philosophy as well as literary criticism and receptive theory
If we closely look at the characteristic features of the modern-time dystopias it will not be difficult to find if not the same, but very similar in the utopian/dystopian projects of antiquity
Summary
The study or even cognition of the real living world should commence with the study of consciousness, as far as only due to and through consciousness can one get access to reality. Consciousness and acts of cognitions should not be studies as a means of interacting with the real living world, but rather as one of the main subjects of philosophic thought. All kinds of reality with which a human being deals are explained from the point of view of acts of consciousness; there is no objective reality that exists outside and independently of consciousness; and consciousness is explained from itself, reveals itself as a phenomenon (Moran, 2013). The methods of phenomenology had a great influence on the development of philosophy in the 20th century. These methods influenced the development of existentialism, hermeneutics, and analytical philosophy as well as literary criticism and receptive theory
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