Abstract

The ‘Harrowing of Hell’ was an article of the Christian creed, and when Jesus went down to Hell, his body was still buried. But Christians thought of Hell as a place—or a place containing many places. How could Christ, without a body, be in a place, any place at all? The person who took this trip to the underworld was God—a pure spirit, eternal, and changeless. But God had taken on a human body, as Jesus, in order to save other embodied humans. Yet Pico knew that human bodies were material and imperfect—changing, suffering, and dying. Then how could a changeless God be both perfect and embodied? To understand the dogma of incarnation—the embodiment of God—in a philosophical way, the inquiring prince needed a theory of divine embodiment. But the version that he proposed offended the authorities, and they ruled that his ideas were heretical.

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