Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote regeneration of nasal mucosa atrophy

Abstract

Introduction: Mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells (mesenchymal stem cells-MSCs) are currently the most promising and widely used means of cell therapy. Common sources for obtaining them are bone marrow and adipose tissue, but now the umbilical cord and placenta are gaining more and more popularity, since the cells isolated from them have a number of advantages over other sources. Aim: To study the peculiarities of human umbilical cord MSCs influence of on the regeneration of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity in experimentally induced atrophy. Materials and methods: 30 laboratory mice were observed, which divided into two experimental groups (10 animals each) and control group (10 mice). Clinical and morphological studies were perfoemed 1 and 2 months after the development of atrophic rhinitis. Results: Umbilical cords were obtained after timely delivery, chopped into small fragments and cultured in the appropriate nutrient medium with all supplements known for MSCs. MSCs migrated from the pieces, formed colonies, and after the formation of a 70-80% confluent layer, they were detached from the surface in the usual way and transferred to new vials. This procedure was performed twice, after which the cells were characterized by surface markers (positive and negative for MSCs) and used for administration to model animals. Atrophic rhinitis in mice was developed using 3 pathogenic strains of Pasteruella and confirmed by clinical and morphological characteristics. MSCs (characterized, at the 2nd passage) were injected intravenously (1×106 per mouse) and experimental animals were observed for 2 months. The clinical condition of the animals was examined once a week. After the end of the experiment, a postmortem morphological study was performed. Clinical and morphological data showed positive effect of transplantation of human umbilical cord MSCs for nasal mucosa regeneration in mice compared to untreated controls.