Abstract
This article concerns the complex relation between the heteronomous authority of divine revelation and human autonomy, particularly having regard to the context of Western, secularized, religiously plural societies. In the face of the current fragmentation of meaning and the crisis of morality, and considering that individuals must take on the responsibility for their own life projects and decisions themselves, they can no longer cope without personal autonomy to form their own frames of reference, rather than deriving them from religions, as in the past, whose doctrines have become alien to them. In Hearer of the Word, Rahner raises human transcendence to a category in which human autonomy and God’s ultimate Word meet on the level of Being, of existence, where eaning is reintegrated, the lively, original experience of Revelation is recovered, and the apparent contradiction between faith and lifeworld can be overcome through an authentic form of religious life. ***A transcendência humana como lugar de Revelação e fundamento do fazer teológico: Implicações da obra Ouvintes da Palavra, de K. Rahner***O presente artigo aborda a complexa relação entre a autonomia humana e a autoridade heterônoma da Revelação divina, dedicando particular atenção ao contexto das sociedades secularizadas e religiosamente plurais do Ocidente. Considerando a fragmentação de sentido, a crise da moralidade, e a necessidade de que os indivíduos desses contextos assumam completa responsabilidade por seus projetos de vida e decisões, tornou-se impossível prescindir da autonomia pessoal que possibilita a cada um/a poder definir os próprios marcos de referência, ao invés de delegar essa tarefa às religiões, como no passado, o que tem dado origem, não raro, a conflitos existenciais. Em Ouvintes da Palavra,Rahner eleva a transcendência humana a uma categoria na qual a autonomia humana e a Palavra de Deus encontram-se no plano do Ser, da existência, onde o sentido é reintegrado, a experiência viva originária da Revelação é recuperada e a aparente contradição entre fé e mundo da vida pode ser superada através de uma vida religiosa e espiritual autêntica.Palavras-chave: Revelação. Autonomia. Secularidade. Transcendência. Teologia
Highlights
After the earthquake brought about by Enlightenment, followed by the powerful waves of Atheism and Secularism and the prophecies of the burial of religion, many scholars diagnose today an increasing search for religious experiences of all sorts, and a different sensitivity as to the import of religion for a sound society.1 Alongside the thesis of the “decline of religion” in modern societies, it has been predicted that, if at all religions are to be allocated a place in society, in the private sphere of individuals, rather than on the public square of democracy
The analysis of his work will suggest two further questions: what is to be expected from the human being as addressee of revelation and what from theology as the rationality of faith before the Word of God? Or, what should be the interrelationship between theology and the enlightened, not rarely, secularized human being, in her/his personal quest for meaning, autonomy, and redemption?
The second condition supposed for the possibility of revelation is that human nature must possess an openness for the utterance of ultimate being in the luminous word. This openness is an a priori presupposition for the possibility of hearing such a word. This points to our task: to infer from the first aspect of our general question about being what it can tell us for a metaphysical anthropology of the human person as a being who is of this nature open for a possible revelation
Summary
After the earthquake brought about by Enlightenment, followed by the powerful waves of Atheism and Secularism and the prophecies of the burial of religion, many scholars diagnose today an increasing search for religious experiences of all sorts, and a different sensitivity as to the import of religion for a sound society. Alongside the thesis of the “decline of religion” in modern societies, it has been predicted that, if at all religions are to be allocated a place in society, in the private sphere of individuals, rather than on the public square of democracy. Alongside the thesis of the “decline of religion” in modern societies, it has been predicted that, if at all religions are to be allocated a place in society, in the private sphere of individuals, rather than on the public square of democracy No longer should they exert any influence in the public sphere, given their great potential for violence. They live in democratic societies in which moral life is based on the principles of human rights and they find it hard to square their enlightened minds with doctrinal, authoritarian assertions To put it more positively, can God’s revelation be accepted by human beings without having to give up the autonomy of their freedom or betray their reason?. The analysis of his work will suggest two further questions: what is to be expected from the human being as addressee of revelation and what from theology as the rationality of faith before the Word of God? Or, what should be the interrelationship between theology and the enlightened, not rarely, secularized human being, in her/his personal quest for meaning, autonomy, and redemption?
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