Abstract
AbstractA human body–clothing–atmosphere environment system energy balance model is constructed to evaluate individual human thermal climates in the Carpathian Basin. The analysis is performed in terms of clothing resistance and operative temperature for the period 1971–2000. The model's main strength is that it simulates the metabolic activity rate M as simply as possible taking into account interpersonal variations. Non‐sweating, walking humans are considered in natural outdoor conditions at a walking speed of 4 km⋅h−1. Atmospheric data are used from the CarpatClim dataset; human data are taken from a Hungarian human dataset. The dataset reveals that the interpersonal variations of M of walking humans can reach 40–50 W⋅m−2. According to the results, the variability of individual human thermal climates can be significant. This variability increases towards cold climates and is less in the comfortable thermal zone, when the operative temperature is between 23 and 28°C. It should be mentioned that summer is thermally neutral in the Little Hungarian Plain, the Great Hungarian Plain and in larger parts of the Transylvanian Plateau, irrespective of the person considered. The warmest areas in the Carpathian Basin can be found in Bačka and Banat. In terms of thermal sensation, the results obtained agree well with the results referring to the human considered in the Physiological Equivalent Temperature index model.
Highlights
Climate needs to be classified because of its effects imposed on ongoing phenomena on the Earth
A new human thermal load model based on energy balance considerations is presented to estimate individual human thermal climates in the Carpathian Basin
Human thermal climate is characterized in terms of clothing resistance parameter and operative temperature
Summary
Climate needs to be classified because of its effects imposed on ongoing phenomena on the Earth. Among these phenomena the biosphere is of special importance. In the science of climate classification the biosphere is mostly represented either by vegetation (e.g., Köppen, 1900; Köppen, 1936; Prentice et al, 1992; Rivas-Martínez, 2004), or by humans (e.g., Matzarakis et al, 1999; Matzarakis et al, 2007; Matzarakis and Amelung, 2008; Błażejczyk et al, 2010), or by their combination (e.g., Yang and Matzarakis, 2016, Potchter et al, 2018). E1847 al., 2013; Błażejczyk and Błażejczyk, 2014; Engelbrecht and Engelbrecht, 2016; Giannaros et al, 2018) may be found
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