Abstract
Abstract
 Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) have played an increasingly vocal role in their struggle to advance both human rights protection and promotion in Southeast Asian countries. Most notably, CSOs have become a more important actor in dealing with human rights issues in particular by virtue of their role in drawing attention to human rights violations. In the case of massive human rights violations happening in Southeast Asia, CSOs pursue various strategies to address and try to end such abuses. Spreading information of human rights violations occurring in each member state to regional peers, and then finding new allies such as international organizations to put pressure back to human rights-violating states, in what is characterized as a dynamic of the boomerang model, one of the prominent strategies CSOs use to relieve human rights violations. Another strategy recently observed involves CSOs reaching out to powerful judicial institutions whose decisions can be legally binding on a violating state. Spreding This paper applies the boomerang model theory to the efforts of CSOs, specifically with respect to their work in helping to end the extrajudicial killing of drug dealers in the Philippines during President Duterte’s tenure, to display how the dynamics of the boomerang model works and what this strategy has achieved in terms of ending the extrajudicial killings. Beyond the boomerang model, this paper further demonstrates the strategy of CSOs in reaching out directly to powerful judicial institutions, in this case the International Criminal Court (ICC). The paper discusses why CSOs pursued this strategy of reaching out to the ICC, bypassing the region’s human rights institution—the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR).
 Keywords: Civil Society Organizations (CSOs); Extrajudicial Killing in the Philippines; The International Criminal Court (ICC).
 (A previous version of this paper was presented at the 14th Asian Law Institute (ASLI) Conference hosted by the University of Philippines, College of Law (UP) in 19 May 2017. We would like to thank the commentators and the audience for their questions and comments on the paper.)
Highlights
In Southeast Asia, civil society organizations (CSOs) across the region have for over a decade, been challenging the regional organization, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), to address issues and concerns impacting citizens.[1]
The first Guidelines were adopted at the 5th Meeting of the 19th ASEAN Standing Committee (ASC), Manila, 16-18 June 1986, and the current version was adopted by the 19/2012 the Committee of Permanent Representatives (CPR) Meeting on 5th November 2012 and noted by the 11th the ASEAN Coordinating Council (ACC) Meeting on 17th November 2012.7
In the recent situation of the murderous war on drugs in the Philippines which allegedly involve the extrajudicial killing of drug dealers and users and which took place since President Rodrigo Duterte’s taking of office in 2016, CSOs’ have demonstrated their competency in helping to end the human rights violations involved
Summary
In Southeast Asia, civil society organizations (CSOs) across the region have for over a decade, been challenging the regional organization, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), to address issues and concerns impacting citizens.[1] In December 1997,. Especially in human rights violations occurring in Southeast Asia, there has been an ongoing tension between civil society and national governments and/or the AICHR.[15] When CSOs play a role in upholding people’s rights, but in so doing, challenge. With an interest in the manner and consequences of CSO mobilization in the field of human rights, this paper examines CSOs’ works with respect to their help in mitigating human rights abuses involved in the war on drugs in the Philippines under president Duterte’s regime. The result of CSOs’ strategies will be the lesson for ASEAN to accelerate its consideration in establishing this kind of human rights mechanism soon because it would be effective to stop human rights violation in the region
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