Abstract
This chapter discusses the human population growth, the effects of this growth on environment and human, and the importance of family planning and population control. A population expresses its biotic potential when the individuals exhibit their maximal reproductive potential. Population size and growth rate are determined by interactions among the birth rate, the death rate, the emigration, and the immigration. Rapidly growing populations are characterized by predominance of the young, whereas stable populations have similar numbers of all ages except the very old. Declining populations have a predominance of older individuals. Many human populations are plagued by illiteracy, hunger and starvation, depletion of natural resources and energy supplies, pollution and environmental illness, stress due to crowding, political conflict, and quality of life. The goals of family planning programs are to decrease the rate of birth of unwanted children and to limit family size. However, science and technology have increased the earth's carrying capacity for people who will make further advances.
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