Abstract
Human polynucleotide phosphorylase (hPNPaseold-35) is an evolutionary conserved RNA processing enzyme with expanding roles in regulating cellular physiology. hPNPaseold-35 was cloned using an innovative “overlapping pathway screening” strategy designed to identify genes coordinately regulated during the processes of cellular differentiation and senescence. Although hPNPaseold-35 structurally and biochemically resembles PNPase of other species, overexpression and inhibition studies reveal that hPNPaseold-35 has evolved to serve more specialized and diversified functions in humans. Targeting specific mRNA or non-coding small microRNA (miRNA), hPNPaseold-35 modulates gene expression that in turn plays a pivotal role in regulating normal physiological and pathological processes. In these contexts, targeted overexpression of hPNPaseold-35 represents a novel strategy to selectively downregulate RNA expression and consequently intervene in a variety of pathophysiological conditions.
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