Abstract
Before highly automated vehicles (HAVs) become part of everyday traffic, their safety has to be proven. The use of human performance as a benchmark represents a promising approach, but appropriate methods to quantify and compare human and HAV performance are rare. By adapting the method of constant stimuli, a scenario-based approach to quantify the limit of (human) performance is developed. The method is applied to a driving simulator study, in which participants are repeatedly confronted with a cut-in manoeuvre on a highway. By systematically manipulating the criticality of the manoeuvre in terms of time to collision, humans’ collision avoidance performance is measured. The limit of human performance is then identified by means of logistic regression. The calculated regression curve and its inflection point can be used for direct comparison of human and HAV performance. Accordingly, the presented approach represents one means by which HAVs’ safety performance could be proven.
Highlights
Autonomous driving is associated with many potential advantages, e.g., increased traffic efficiency and safety benefits [1,2,3]
The results show that collision probability was only close to zero for a time to collision (TTC) of 1.3 s and 1.5 s, respectively, which is in line with the suggestion to rate encounters with a TTC of 1.5 s or less as safety critical [40]
Because methods to quantify and directly compare Highly automated vehicles (HAVs) and human performance are rare, an appropriate method was developed. This method was based on a classical psychophysical approach and allows to quantify human and HAV performance in a specific scenario by means of logistic regression
Summary
Autonomous driving is associated with many potential advantages, e.g., increased traffic efficiency and safety benefits [1,2,3]. Automated vehicles (HAVs; SAE level 3 or higher [4]) allow the human driver to attend to a task other than the driving task. Before HAVs become part of everyday traffic, their safety performance—especially when confronted with our constantly changing environment—has to be tested and verified [5, 6]. Appropriate methods to quantify and compare human and HAV performance are rare. To facilitate HAVs’ safety assessment, this work presents a scenario-based method to quantify the limit of human performance, which was developed as part of the project PEGASUS [6]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
