Abstract
The Cooperative virtual environments, where users simultaneously manipulate objects, are one of the subfields of Collaborative virtual environments (CVEs). In this paper we simulate the use of two string based parallel robots in cooperative teleoperation task. Two users setting on separate machines connected through local network operate each robot. In this context, we investigate the effects of visual aids and oral communication on cooperation, co-presence and users performance. Ten volunteers had to cooperatively perform a peg-in-hole task. A second group of ten subjects perform the same task in a single user setup. The objective of the two experiments is twofold, firstly to compare the task's complexity of single user setup with that of the cooperative environment. Secondly we examine the influence of visual aids and oral communication on user's performance in the two different setups. Results revealed that shadow has a significant effect on task execution while arrows and oral communication not only increase users' performance but also enhance the sense of co-presence and awareness. We also observed that cooperative manipulation was more difficult as compared to single user manipulation.
Highlights
The successful advancements in the field of high quality computer graphics and the capability of inexpensive personal computers to render high-end 3D graphics in a more realistic manner has made virtual reality (VR) feasible to be used in many areas such as industrial design, data visualization, training etc
In this paper we simulated the use of two string based parallel robots in cooperative teleoperation task
The use of visual aids and oral communication was investigated for their effects on cooperation, co-presence and users performance
Summary
The successful advancements in the field of high quality computer graphics and the capability of inexpensive personal computers to render high-end 3D graphics in a more realistic manner has made virtual reality (VR) feasible to be used in many areas such as industrial design, data visualization, training etc. In order to carry out a cooperative task efficiently, the participants need to feel the presence of others and have means of communication with each other. For example the architecture of the virtual world may be client server or a replicated one. We implement the VE designed for cooperative work in replicated architecture and seek solution to network load/latency and VE consistency in a unique way. To feel the presence of others and to make cooperative work easier and more intuitive, we augment the environment with visual aids and oral communication and investigate their effects on user performance in a peg-in-hole task [10, 32].
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