Human papillomavirus infection among human immunodeficiency virus-infected women in Maharashtra, India

Abstract

IntroductionFrequency and distribution of HPV types in HIV-infected women with and without cervical neoplasia and their determinants have not been widely studied in India. We report and discuss HPV prevalence and type distribution in HIV-infected women. MethodsHPV genotyping was done using cervical samples from 1109 HIV-infected women in a cross-sectional study. ResultsAny HPV was detected in 44.8% and high-risk ones in 41.0% women. Frequency of single and multiple high-risk infections were 26.7% and 14.3%, respectively. Frequencies of high-risk HPV infections in women with and without cervical neoplasia were 73.5% and 37.6%, respectively. HPV16 was the most common genotype, present in 11.5%, and 58.5% of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 and 3. Other most common high-risk HPV types in CIN 2–3 lesions were HPV 31 (22.6%); 56 (13.2%); 18 and 68a (11.3%) and 33, 35 and 51 (9.4%); and 70 (7.5%). Women under 30 or over 44 years, no abortions, and women with diagnosis of HIV infection within the last 5 years were at high risk of multiple oncogenic HPV infection. ConclusionWe observed a very high frequency of high-risk HPV and multiple infections in HIV-infected women.