Human papillomavirus genotyping as a tool for cervical cancer prevention: from commercially availablehuman papillomavirus DNA test to next-generation sequencing.

Tauana Christina Dias,Adhemar Longatto-Filho,Nathalia C Campanella

doi:10.2144/fsoa-2019-0159

Abstract

The biological importance of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the field of medicine – related to cervical carcinogenesis – has been extensively reported in the last decades. For the first time, a direct correlation between cause and effect to explain a cancer development was completely achieved in medical research. Consequently, the Nobel Prize was awarded to HZ Hausen in 2008 for his efforts to understand the effects of persistent infection of oncogenic types of HPV and malignancy transformation. The aim of the present review was to summarize the principal elements of HPV characteristics and their importance in oncology.

Highlights

Papillomavirus are a large family of virus that infect animals and humans
There are more than 150 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) [1,2,3]
Β-HPVs were correlated to oncogenic potential because they were associated with development of nonmelanoma skin neoplasms, most likely in association with UV radiation [10]

Summary

Introduction

Papillomavirus are a large family of virus that infect animals and humans. The most studied and known papillomavirus is the human type. Low-risk types (the most common being HPV11 and HPV6) are most commonly associated with benign genital warts, known clinically as condyloma, but are implicated in the development of laryngeal papilloma [10]. These condylomas can present size and extension variation but appear as filiform warts. The gamma subgroup includes the majority of the known HPVs, with 99 types and even though presenting the same β-HPV biology and infection mechanism, their biological activities are poorly studied and deserve more investigation They infect human skin and mucosal tissues of the oral cavity and its seroconversion appears to be slow and to increase with age [14,15]. The genera mu and nu include only types 3 and 1 HPV type, respectively [9]

Objectives

Findings

Conclusion