Human papilloma virus vaccine: literature review

Abstract

Inga Vasilevskytė1,2 1Vilniaus universitetas, Medicinos fakultetas, Vilnius, Lietuva 2Vilniaus universiteto ligoninė Santaros klinikos, Akušerijos ir ginekologijos katedra ABSTRACT The human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections, causing a variety of precancerous conditions and cancers in men and women. Cervical cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer that poses a risk to women’s health, and human papillomavirus infection is closely linked to the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. Every year in the world there are about 20 million people suffering from the human papillomavirus, and about 6 million become infected. However, despite a variety of preventive measures and treatments, such as HPV screening, preventive vaccines, surgery remains high worldwide. This review aims to systematically review the safety and efficacy of HPV vaccines in women and the indications and contraindications for immunization. Objective: To review the types of human papillomavirus, their effects on health, types of HPV vaccines, indications and contraindications for immunization, and the safety and efficacy of vaccines. Methods: The literature review was performed based on the scientific databases of PubMed, Medline, Web of Science of selected publications examining the prevalence of human papillomavirus, the types of HPV vaccines, their safety and efficacy, and the indications and contraindications for immunization. Systematic reviews and meta-analyzes no older than 10-15 years were included in the literature review. A total of 30 articles were reviewed, of which 9 were rejected. Conclusions: The analysis of the literature presents the epidemiology of HPV, the types of vaccines, their safety and efficacy, and indications and contraindications for vaccination. Keywords: Human papillomavirus, complications, HPV vaccine safety.