Human Keratinocyte UVB-Protective Effects of a Low Molecular Weight Fucoidan from Sargassum horneri Purified by Step Gradient Ethanol Precipitation.

Ilekuttige Priyan Shanura Fernando,Sun Hee Cheong,Ginnae Ahn,Min Ju Kim,Young Seok Han,Sang Rul Park,Kyounghoon Lee,Eui Jeong Han,Disanayaka Mudiyanselage Dinesh Madusanka,You-Jin Jeon,Mawalle Kankanamge Hasitha Madhawa Dias

doi:10.3390/antiox9040340

Ilekuttige Priyan Shanura Fernando, Sun Hee Cheong + Show 9 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9040340

Copy DOI

Abstract

Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation-induced oxidative skin cell damage is a major cause of photoaging. In the present study, a low molecular weight fucoidan fraction (SHC4) was obtained from Sargassum horneri by Celluclast-assisted extraction, followed by step gradient ethanol precipitation. The protective effect of SHC4 was investigated in human keratinocytes against UVB-induced oxidative stress. The purified fucoidan was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), agarose gel-based molecular weight analysis and monosaccharide composition analysis. SHC4 had a mean molecular weight of 60 kDa, with 37.43% fucose and 28.01 ± 0.50% sulfate content. The structure was mainly composed of α-L-Fucp-(1→4) linked fucose units. SHC4 treatment dose-dependently reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and increased the cell viability of UVB exposed HaCaT keratinocytes. Moreover, SHC4 dose-dependently inhibited UVB-induced apoptotic body formation, sub-G1 accumulation of cells and DNA damage. Inhibition of apoptosis was mediated via the mitochondria-mediated pathway, re-establishing the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. The UVB protective effect of SHC4 was facilitated by enhancing intracellular antioxidant defense via nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling. Further studies may promote the use of SHC4 as an active ingredient in cosmetics and nutricosmetics.

Highlights

Ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiation (280–320 nm) primarily induces cell damage by augmenting intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels
Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS) and penicillin/streptomycin mixture were purchased from GIBCO INC., (Grand Island, NY, USA)
Based on the present observations, the fractions were identified as fucoidans by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and chemical composition analysis. Though it is not a generally accepted explanation, we propose that fucoidans could be ranked based on their quality, with the major parameters including the amount of fucose and degree of sulfation

Summary

Introduction

Ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiation (280–320 nm) primarily induces cell damage by augmenting intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 340 corneum, where it increases the risk of photoaging, with symptoms characterized by thickening of the epidermis, discoloration, skin wrinkling, loss of elasticity and skin cell growth retardation [1]. Fucoidan is a fucose-rich sulfated polysaccharide found in brown algae that is renowned for its versatile biologic activities. High molecular weight fucoidans closely resemble the structure of heparin and are effective anticoagulants [2]. Low molecular weight fucoidans are reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anti-microbial activities [3,4]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion