Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an aggressive neoplasm exclusively occurring in AIDS patients. Recently, increasing cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative PBL have been reported. No standard therapy protocol is currently available since there is a great difference between PBL with and without HIV infection. Here, we present a rather rare case of HIV-negative PBL in the neck that dramatically responded to radiotherapy alone. Our case highlights the possibility of PBL in the neck and helps to expand our understanding of this separate lymphoma. The related literature review summarized the clinicopathological features and treatment status of HIV-negative PBL.
Highlights
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare entity which mostly involves the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals
Saraceni et al reported that an HIV-negative, stage IIE PBL patient attained complete remission of nearly 4 years after six cycles of chemotherapy and irradiation of 45 Gy [6]
In a case of HIV-negative PBL in the anorectal junction, three cycles of CHOP chemotherapy and involved field irradiation brought a complete remission of nearly 5 years [15]
Summary
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare entity which mostly involves the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals. Increasing cases have been reported in HIV-negative patients [1,2,3,4,5]. Extraoral sites, such as the central nervous system, maxillary sinus, nasal cavity, gastrointestinal tract, liver, and retroperitoneal region, can be involved [1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9]. Case presentation A 76-year-old female presented on October 22nd, 2013, with a history of a painless lump in the left region of the neck for about a month. She complained of hoarseness and drinking cough for one week. In order to rapidly relieve the symptoms, she underwent radiation to the primary tumor by intensity-modulated
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