Abstract
The reported prevalence of articular manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) varies, but with sub-Saharan Africa accounting for almost 70% of the people living with HIV, this results in a considerable burden of disease in the region. The spectrum of clinical presentation described, includes articular pain syndrome, HIV-associated arthropathy and seronegative spondyloarthropathies, among others. This brief review serves to create awareness of the clinical and imaging presentation of this spectrum of disease as there is significant morbidity associated with these conditions if treatment is delayed.
Highlights
The global human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic has impacted on the burden of disease seen in clinical practice, and this includes the spectrum of inflammatory arthritis
A small number of patients may progress to a chronic destructive arthritis and imaging findings similar to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may be noted including peri-articular osteopaenia, erosions and joint space narrowing
A typical presentation of seronegative peripheral oligoarthritis predominantly affecting the lower limbs as seen in the HIV-negative population is described in most of the literature
Summary
The global human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic has impacted on the burden of disease seen in clinical practice, and this includes the spectrum of inflammatory arthritis. It has been reported to occur in the late stages of HIV infection[2] and commonly affects the knees, shoulders and elbows.[3] Clinically there are no signs of synovitis.[4] Imaging features may be normal, but sometimes a joint effusion is noted.
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