Abstract
ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to explore the potential diagnostic utility of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression in colorectal carcinoma. We investigated the association of HER2 expression with the type and grade of the tumor along with the pattern, staining intensity, and the percentage of cells stained.MethodsThis was an observational study involving 50 cases of colorectal carcinoma that underwent immunohistochemistry to analyze the HER2 expression.ResultsThe positive expression of HER2 was seen in 16 (32%) cases. The majority of the study population was between the fifth-seventh decades of life. The most commonly diagnosed tumor was conventional adenocarcinoma with grade II, cytoplasmic pattern, +2 positivity, and moderate intensity. The maximum positivity for HER2 was seen in tumors of the rectum in eight (16%) cases.ConclusionA substantial rate of HER2 overexpression paves the way for it to become a potential future target in cancer therapeutics.
Highlights
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers including esophageal, gastric, and colorectal malignancies are among the major oncological problems worldwide
We investigated the association of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression with the type and grade of the tumor along with the pattern, staining intensity, and the percentage of cells stained
The results of our study indicate that there is no correlation between the site of the tumor and HER2 expression, which is in accordance with previous studies demonstrating no significant association between HER2 expression and tumor location [27,28]
Summary
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers including esophageal, gastric, and colorectal malignancies are among the major oncological problems worldwide. CRC still remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death as it is frequently associated with metastasis and recurrence [2]. The main treatment options currently available for CRC include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. It is reported that nearly 40% of early-stage CRC patients eventually relapse after surgical resection, and the five-year survival rate of patients with advanced disease is only 10-15% [4-7]. These rising statistics of CRC regarding its high mortality rates exigently necessitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. With recent advancements in immunology and genetic engineering, targeted receptor and immune-oncology therapies, as well as newer molecular biomarkers for rapid detection, have come to be widely discussed in the medical community [8]
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