Abstract
Damage in central nervous system plays an important role in biological life and causes severe paralysis of limbs and some organs. There are solutions to problems that can be a great revolution in the transplanted spinal cord and nerve injuries. Schwann cells (SCs) have important roles in development, myelination and regeneration in the peripheral nervous system. The applications of SCs in regenerative medicine are limited because of slow growth rate and difficulties in harvesting. Critical to the hypothesis is the experimental fact that human endometrial-derived stem cells (hEnSCs) as multipotent accessible source of cells are known as useful cell candidates in the field of nerve tissue engineering. We decided to use the three-dimensional culture of Schwann cells differentiated from endometrial stem cell in fibrin gel. In this study, we investigate the expression of differentiated Schwann cell markers by exposing of endometrial stem cells with induction media including FGF2/FSK/HRG/RA. Using immunocytochemistry, we show that differentiated cells express S100 and P75 markers. These results show that for the first time, human endometrial stem cells can be differentiated into Schwann cells in 2D and 3D culture. These novel differentiated cells in fibrin gel might open new opportunities for the management of cell survival and neurotrophic potential in tissue engineering approaches for nerve repair.
Highlights
Disruption of neurological structure by injuries to the spinal cord reduces personal motion ability or can lead to paraplegia and death
The hypothesis can be evaluated by using flow cytometery for detection of stem cell markers such asCD146, CD90 in the isolated endometrial stem cells
The step is to investigate the ability of human endometrial adult stem cells to differentiate into the Schwann cells showing characteristics of Schwann-like cells (Figure 1)
Summary
Disruption of neurological structure by injuries to the spinal cord reduces personal motion ability or can lead to paraplegia and death. The CNS can heal and regenerate axons, but the rate is very slow and cannot stop myelin sheath degeneration and cell death especially in the second stage of injury [1]. The limited nature of repair results in functional recovery is being more sporadic than organized. Cell therapy and tissue engineering could provide a therapeutic approach to CNS regeneration [1] [2]. Different cells from various sources under different in vivo condition have been investigated [3]. Tissue engineering provides alternative way for CNS regeneration using cellular transplantation and biomaterial scaffolds [4]
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