Abstract
Development of human society (social), economic development, and environmental preservation are the three pillars of sustainable development. They must be implemented simultaneously and balanced. Two paradigms can be used to implement sustainable development, namely the economic development paradigm and the human development paradigm. This paper proposes a novel concept of human development in the Papua –Indonesia Province using a system thinking approach. This paper also proposes a novel modeling and simulation electrical system using a system dynamics method to fulfill human development demand. As an object of modeling and simulation, an electrical system in several regencies and municipality used. The simulation model results from the novel concept of human development in this study are projections of electricity demand and installed capacity of the 2016-2050 power plants in the BaU, moderate, and optimistic scenarios. Increased electricity demand and the installed capacity of the power plants are a function of the human development index (HDI) and development acceleration. The average increase in electricity demand is 3.8583; 5,0652; 8.1779 and 7.1122 percent per year for the BaU scenario, 0.5088; 0.3404; 1.1578 and 0.6726 percent per year for the moderate scenario, and 0.5100; 0.3422; 1.1694 and 0.6760 percent per year for optimistic scenario. The average increase in installed capacity of the power plant is 3.9880; 5,2110; 8.4366 and 7.3141 percent per year for the BaU scenario, 4.1159; 5,4391; 8.7747 and 7.6709 percent per year for the moderate scenario, and 4.470; 5,611; 9.1128 and 7.8392 percent per year for the optimistic scenario.Keywords: Human Development, System Thinking, System Dynamics, Papua-Indonesia.JEL Classifications: L94, O15, Q47, R58.DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.8301
Highlights
Papua Province is one of the provinces in Indonesia endowed with various natural resources
This paper proposes a novel concept of human development in the Papua Province and its impact on electricity demand and supply
Reserve power margin based on the installed capacity of the power plant is 35-40% (PLN, 2019. p. 2-10)
Summary
Papua Province is one of the provinces in Indonesia endowed with various natural resources. The various natural resources include flora and fauna, natural and energy resources, a high diversity of local cultures, as well as beautiful and historic places for the development of the tourism industry. The Papua Province has geopolitical and geostrategic advantages because located between Asia and Australia continents and the Pacific Ocean. Besides being endowed with various natural resources, Papua Province faces development challenges that are not easy. The development challenges include various geographical conditions and uneven population distribution. Another development challenge is the high level of local cultural diversity and the disparity in the level of civilization among local tribes. Fluctuating political, security and law issues, development paradigms and development planning approaches, and good governance in the transition processes challenges to development that must be faced
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