Abstract
BackgroundDirect pulp capping is a vital pulp therapy for a pin-point dental pulp exposure. Applying a pulp capping material leads to the formation of a dentin bridge and protects pulp vitality. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of four dental materials, DyCal®, ProRoot® MTA, Biodentine™, and TheraCal™ LC in vitro.MethodsHuman dental pulp stem cells (hDPs) were isolated and characterized. Extraction medium was prepared from the different pulp capping materials. The hDP cytotoxicity, proliferation, and migration were examined. The odonto/osteogenic differentiation was determined by alkaline phosphatase, Von Kossa, and alizarin red s staining. Osteogenic marker gene expression was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsProRoot® MTA and Biodentine™ generated less cytotoxicity than DyCal® and TheraCal™ LC, which were highly toxic. The hDPs proliferated when cultured with the ProRoot® MTA and Biodentine™ extraction media. The ProRoot® MTA and Biodentine™ extraction medium induced greater cell attachment and spreading. Moreover, the hDPs cultured in the ProRoot® MTA or Biodentine™ extraction medium migrated in a similar manner to those in serum-free medium, while a marked reduction in cell migration was observed in the cells cultured in DyCal® and TheraCal™ LC extraction media. Improved mineralization was detected in hDPs maintained in ProRoot® MTA or Biodentine™ extraction medium compared with those in serum-free medium.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the favorable in vitro biocompatibility and bioactive properties of ProRoot® MTA and Biodentine™ on hDPs, suggesting their superior regenerative potential compared with DyCal® and TheraCal™.
Highlights
Direct pulp capping is a vital pulp therapy for a pin-point dental pulp exposure
The results demonstrated that these cells deposited mineral crystals in vitro after induction, confirming their osteogenic differentiation potency (Fig. 1d)
The present study demonstrated that D yCal® and TheraCalTM LC were cytotoxic in vitro while P roRoot® mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and BiodentineTM demonstrated the better biocompatibility to Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPs)
Summary
Direct pulp capping is a vital pulp therapy for a pin-point dental pulp exposure. Applying a pulp cap‐ ping material leads to the formation of a dentin bridge and protects pulp vitality. Direct pulp capping is performed to treat a pin-point dental pulp tissue exposure when there is no inflammation. In this method, a bioactive material is. For pulp wound healing process, dental pulp cells generally proliferate and migrate to the injured site. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPs) have been reported as a critical key for reparative dentin formation. STRO1-positive hDPs express pericyte-associated antigen, confirming the perivascular niche of hDPs [4] These cells exhibit a fibroblast-like morphology with superior proliferative ability compared with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells [5]. These cells are proposed as an alternative cell source for various regenerative applications [9]
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