Abstract
Weather and climate conditions can be important and a decision factor for travel plans or outdoor and sport events. It is important to quantify thermal comfort and other related climate factors for different applications and destinations and make the results easily accessible to visitors and sport attendees. This analysis has provided and quantified thermal comfort, heat stress and other climate-related factors. A relevant approach is the visualization of climate thresholds in a Climate-Tourism/Transfer-Information Scheme (CTIS) for the prevailing local climate conditions. The methodology provided here is a possible gold standard of good human biometeorological practices for tourism, recreation and sports, and can be applied for all major events. The information provided on the local climate can be extracted by non-experts such as tourists intending to attend sports events.
Highlights
Information on weather and climate, including factors related to thermal comfort or heat stress, are important for the spectators of sports events and tourists attending them [1,2,3]
Most methodologies applied in the past have a qualitative character and only in the recent years has an approach been set to be applied that can be used as a gold standard [2,6]
The aim of this study was to respond to the experiences of hot climates and events held outside, such as the Tokyo Olympic Games [8] and the World Athletics event in Doha in September and October 2019, with negative outcomes during the marathon race and the negative coverage of this in the world’s mass media [9]
Summary
Information on weather and climate, including factors related to thermal comfort or heat stress, are important for the spectators of sports events and tourists attending them [1,2,3]. Athletes and fans are exposed to unaccustomed or sometimes extreme meteorological and climatological conditions, which may affect them in a positive or negative manner [1,4,5]. Activities during events for athletes and visitors are driven and affected first of all by the acute meteorological condition that is present. Mean and extreme climate conditions can be used to assess the conditions in general [1]. These conditions, as well as general information about the climatic setting, need to cover the patterns of meteorological parameters and the significant climate at an appropriate temporal resolution [6]. Most methodologies applied in the past have a qualitative character and only in the recent years has an approach been set to be applied that can be used as a gold standard [2,6]
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