Human Being and Recreational Topology in Russian culture of Second Half of the Twentieth Century

Abstract

The article examines the peculiarities of influence on the formation and development of the spatiotemporal organization of human being of topological structures which are around the individual and external to him and characterizing the concrete historical stage of the development of the Russian culture of the second half of the twentieth century. The methodology and theoretical basis is the chronotopological concept by A.A. Ukhtomsky and M.M. Bakhtin, asserting the immanent interconnectedness of time, space and human, as well as the theory of social chronotope and topological philosophizing. Time and space of human being are understood as a chronotopological structure, which includes a system of topological and related temporal practices, immanent to the individual and developing together with him throughout his life. As a spatial structure that has been formed in culture, recreational topology is studied, which is a closed, well-groomed and isolated from the surrounding space or locus, which is the result of realized human topological practices for the arrangement and care of space or place of residence, work, recreation, scientific research, conservation and demonstration of cultural heritage. Getting into such a closed equipped space, radically different from the surrounding alienated unsettled public space, a person begins to perceive it as a topological standard, consciously or unconsciously transferring and reproducing it in his own individual chronotopology, in the sphere of his personal world and microchronotope of consciousness. If the recreational space is associated with a personally significant event in human life, it acquires the ethical significance for the individual, becomes existentially filled for him, acquires unity with his existence.