Human and long-tailed macaque conflict in Central Java, Indonesia

Wahyuni Fitria,Azis Nur Bambang,Jafron Wasiq Hidayat,B Warsito,Sudarno Sudarno,T Triadi Putranto

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202020206011

Abstract

Long-tailed macaques are highly adaptive in various types of habitats. Their behaviour who are accustomed to living in groups with specific activities greatly affects the home range in getting food. They have ecological and cultural values for a particular community; unfortunately, it was well known as an agricultural crop pest. Quality of the habitat to be one determinant factor of macaques disruptions. The purposes of the study are to understand the conditions of conflict humans and macaques in Central Java that used as a reference in determining solutions. Data analyzed descriptively from various reports and research findings. The data collected identified from 2011 to 2019. Disturbance of long-tailed macaque in Central Java occurs at least 15 regencies with the population reaching thousands of individuals of damage to crops and even enter settlements. The macaque's behaviour that is considered detrimental causes conflicts with humans which at the end, creating various handling efforts ranging from expulsion to hunting. Some research findings show that people's perceptions of wild animals will affect efforts to resolve or mitigate the problem of human conflict with wildlife and negative attitudes can cause adverse effects for conservation efforts.

Highlights

Indonesia is a country with a high diversity of flora and fauna
In the International Union for Conservation of Nature Resources (IUCN), long-tailed macaques are classified as Least Concern (LC) and included in appendix II of CITES (Convention of International Trade Endangered Species of Flora and Fauna), so that they can still be traded in specific quotas [1]
Long-tailed macaques tend to prefer forest edge habitats and areas that are altered by human activities because they are often found along the edges of the environment planted by humans

Summary

Introduction

The fauna group which is quite evenly distributed and has a high population, namely long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Long-tailed macaques become one of the population groups in the forest whose existence is an important agent in the regeneration of tropical forests In their habitat, the macaques play an ecological role in distributing forest seeds [2]. It is because long-tailed macaques can adapt to various types of habitat [3]. Its nature conditions it in feeding status, which is frugivorous or fruit eater, but too often to be opportunistic omnivores that can adapt to other types of food available such as young leaves, insects, plant shoots, etc. [7]

Morphology and behaviour of long-tail macaque

Habitat and home range long-tailed macaque

Interaction of long-tailed macaque with humans

Methodology

Discussion

Conclusions