Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a re-emerging disease occurring worldwide, resulting in multi-billion-dollar loss and human death annually. The situation is worse in developing countries like Ethiopia, where lower knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of the people is poor about the disease. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess livestock owners' KAP level towards human and bovine Tuberculosis in Gondar, Ethiopia. A total of 349 study participants were addressed through a face-to-face interview. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-squares analysis were used to analyze the data and observe the association between outcome (KAP level) and predictor variables (sociodemographic characteristics). Out of the 349 respondents, 223 (63.9%) were males, while 126 (36.1%) were females. The KAP measuring interview indicated that 97.4% of the participants are aware of human tuberculosis, while only 84 (24.1%) know about bovine tuberculosis cause and mode of transmission. Inhalation was reported as the main route of transmission for human TB (41.1%) whereas, 50% of the respondent mentioned inhalation, contact, and ingestion of raw animal products as the main route of TB transmission from animal to human. Among those who have heard of bovine tuberculosis, only 56 (66.7%) of respondents consider bovine tuberculosis as a significant threat to public health. The study showed there is a lower KAP on bovine TB among cattle owners in the study area. Therefore, community health education about the impact of the disease, transmission, control, and prevention should be integrated with one health-oriented education and research to eradicate the disease from the country.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is a re-emerging disease occurring worldwide, causing multi-billion-dollar loss and human death annually
The highest proportion of respondents 25 (7.1%) having good KAP level towards bovine tuberculosis was in the age group of 31–40, while respondents with good KAP towards human TB were in 18–30 age category
The present study revealed that almost all cattle owners (97.4%) have information about human TB, while less awareness about bovine tuberculosis (24.1%)
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is a re-emerging disease occurring worldwide, causing multi-billion-dollar loss and human death annually. The disease affects both humans and animals caused by a group of bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex of different species, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis (Thoen et al, 2009). M. tuberculosis primarily causes TB in humans, whereas M. bovis predominantly affects cattle (Pal et al, 2014). It is the cause of Zoonotic TB in humans that can spread from infected vertebrate animals to humans (Cosivi et al, 1998; Ashford et al, 2001; Pal, 2007; Pal et al, 2014). A meta-analysis study indicated that the pooled prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in Ethiopia is 5.8%
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