Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and their phagocytic capacity.

Víctor J Costela Ruiz,Salvador Arias Santiago,Enrique García Recio,Concepción Ruiz,Lucía Melguizo Rodríguez,Elvira De Luna Bertos,Rebeca Illescas Montes

doi:10.1111/jcmm.17070

Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have evidenced considerable therapeutic potential in numerous clinical fields, especially in tissue regeneration. The immunological characteristics of this cell population include the expression of Toll‐like receptors and mannose receptors, among others. The study objective was to determine whether MSCs have phagocytic capacity against different target particles. We isolated and characterized three human adipose tissue MSC (HAT‐MSC) lines from three patients and analysed their phagocytic capacity by flow cytometry, using fluorescent latex beads, and by transmission electron microscopy, using Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans as biological materials and latex beads as non‐biological material. The results demonstrate that HAT‐MSCs can phagocyte particles of different nature and size. The percentage of phagocytic cells ranged between 33.8% and 56.2% (mean of 44.37% ± 11.253) according to the cell line, and a high phagocytic index was observed. The high phagocytic capacity observed in MSCs, which have known regenerative potential, may offer an advance in the approach to certain local and systemic infections.

Highlights

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were first described by Friedenstein et al as bone marrow cells with fibroblastic morphology and osteogenic character.[1,2] This non-hematopoietic undifferentiated cell population derives from the mesoderm with clonogenic character and has proved able to adhere to plastic in in vitro cultures
Flow cytometry showed that a high percentage of the HAT cells isolated and characterized as MSCs had phagocytic capacity ranging from 33.8% to 56.2% (44.37% ± 11.253), according to the cell line
This study demonstrated the phagocytic capacity against different target particles of cells isolated from HAT samples and characterized as MSCs

Summary

Introduction

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were first described by Friedenstein et al as bone marrow cells with fibroblastic morphology and osteogenic character.[1,2] This non-hematopoietic undifferentiated cell population derives from the mesoderm with clonogenic character and has proved able to adhere to plastic in in vitro cultures. The main characteristics of MSCs are their colony-forming capacity, adherence to plastic, expansion in in vitro cultures, and their pluripotential character, conferring them with potential osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic capacities. They are characterized by certain surface markers, showing positive CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105 expression and negative CD14, CD11b, CD19, CD79a, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR expression.3–8. Khan et al reported that MSCs are new phagocytic cells with a high potential for immunotherapy in the treatment of tuberculosis.[23]

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Conclusion