Abstract
Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common but untreatable joint disease, posing a heavy burden on >250 million patients and society. Strikingly, 80% of joint traumas result in evidence of radiographic posttraumatic OA (PTOA) 12-24 years following injury, despite surgical repair. Innate immune cells, amongst them polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), are attracted to the joint following trauma and play a vital role in tissue repair. After trauma, joint instability and related release of cartilage matrix fragments, activate the synovial tissue to release pro-inflammatory factors and catabolic enzymes in turn damaging the cartilage creating a vicious circle.
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