Abstract
Wound dressing, which prevents dehydration and provides a physical barrier against infection to wound beds, can improve wound healing. The interactions between extracellular matrix (ECM) and growth factors is critical to the healing process. Electrospun nanofibers are promising templates for wound dressings due to the structure similarity to ECM of skin. Otherwise, the ECM secreted by human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) is rich in growth factors known to enhance wound healing. Accordingly, we propose that the PLGA nanofibrous template incorporated with hASCs-secreted ECM may enhance wound healing. In this study, PLGA nanofibrous matrixes with an aligned or a random structure were prepared by electrospinning. Human ASCs cultured on the aligned matrix had a better viability and produced a larger amount of ECM relative to that of random one. After 7 days’ cultivation, the hASCs on aligned PLGA substrates underwent decellularization to fabricate cECM/PLGA dressings. By using immunohistochemical staining against F-actin and cell nucleus, the removal of cellular components was verified. However, the type I collagen and laminin were well preserved on the cECM/PLGA nanofibrous matrixes. In addition, this substrate was hydrophilic, with appropriate mechanical strength to act as a wound dressing. The L929 fibroblasts had good activity, survival and proliferation on the cECM/PLGA meshes. In addition, the cECM/PLGA nanofibrous dressings improved the wound healing of surgically created full-thickness skin excision in a mouse model. This hASCs-secreted ECM incorporated into electrospun PLGA nanofibrous could be a promising dressing for enhancing wound healing.
Highlights
Wound healing is a complex process that includes the hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling stages
We proposed that the PLGA nanofiber incorporated with human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs)-secreted extracellular matrix (ECM)
The results of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis showed the orientations of fiber alignment (Figure 2b,e)
Summary
Wound healing is a complex process that includes the hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling stages. By providing native skin structure and recruiting precursor cells, a biomimic and bioactive wound dressing can even enhance the healing process for large lesions and chronic wounds [3]. The nanofibrous membranes, which have the characteristics of a high surface-to-volume ratio and high porosity, can promote cell adhesion and migration to improve tissue regeneration [5]. In addition to their superior mechanical properties [6], electrospun nanofibers provide good oxygen permeability, prevent dehydration of wound beds [7], and establish an effective barrier against microorganisms. Nanofibers may serve as drug carriers for antibiotics and growth factors [8]. Other research groups have further functionalized biomolecule-grafted nanofibers for specific applications such as osteogenesis and cardiac tissue engineering [13,14], revealing that a physiologically relevant biointerface could facilitate tissue regeneration
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