Abstract
ABSTRACTIn this paper, a record of the 14C and 13C isotope content of atmospheric CO2 for Gliwice is presented for samples collected on a weekly basis in the years 2011–2013. In addition, measurements were performed on the early and late wood from the annual rings of pine trees from five sites located 3–6 km from the atmospheric CO2 sampling point. The concentration of 14C in CO2 samples from the air was much lower relative to the concentration of this isotope in “clean air,” indicating a pronounce Suess effect, with a mean Δ14C lower by ca. 60‰ than Jungfraujoch data when the 15% of the highest differences are excluded, which leads to the FFCO2 estimate of 5.8%. In winter, the main source of fossil CO2 was fuel combustion, as confirmed by significant correlations with air pollutants. In the vegetation seasons, the Δ14C was highly variable due to biogenic influence and more variable winds. The isotopic results were also affected by an additional significant CO2 source for the Gliwice air, which was a closed mine shaft. The Δ14C and δ13C in tree rings did not record a strong Suess effect in the years 2008–2013 in woodland areas around Gliwice city.
Highlights
As shown in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report (IPCC 2013), the global temperature of the Earth’s surface increased by ca. 0.85oC in the years 1880–2012 AD
The results showed that in the atmospheric CO2 budget for the years 2012–2014, the net CO2 flux was 8.15 Mt CO2/yr, and 82% of this emission (6.7 Mt CO2/yr) came from fossil fuel combustion due to road traffic, industry, and buildings
Results of the Δ14C and δ13C measurements of atmospheric CO2 in Gliwice are presented in Figure 2b and c
Summary
As shown in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report (IPCC 2013), the global temperature of the Earth’s surface increased by ca. 0.85oC in the years 1880–2012 AD. The carbon dioxide (CO2) originating from fossil fuel combustion was an important component of these emissions. Considerable local fossil CO2 emissions might be expected in areas where coal mining is located, usually accompanied by heavy industry and power plants. These areas are heavily urbanized, and cities are a net source of atmospheric CO2 (Velasco and Roth 2010). Carbon dioxide emissions are reduced by negative CO2 flux connected with photosynthetic uptake due to plant productivity in the urban environment (Pataki et al 2003; Vessala et al 2008; Jasek et al 2014)
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