Abstract
In 1943 a small group of ultra-nationalist Argentine army officers, including the youthful and ambitious Juan Domingo Perón, utilized its control of key Cabinet posts to achieve absolute dominance within the government of General Pedro Ramírez. Blatantly invoking fascist Germany as a model for national emulation, this clique launched an expansionist program aimed at creating an Argentine-dominated neutralist bloc in southern South America. The State Department, under the direction of Secretary Cordell Hull, responded to Argentine aggression by providing military aid to Argentina's neighbors, laying plans to impose stiff economic sanctions and threatening to publish intelligence data linking certain Argentine officials with Axis espionage and sabotage rings operating in South America. U.S. pressure produced immediate results: Ramírez broke with the pro-Axis, expansionist group within his administration and severed diplomatic relations with Germany, Italy, and their allies.
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