HuBiogel incorporated fibro-porous hybrid nanomatrix graft for vascular tissue interfaces

Abstract

Native extracellular matrix (ECM) possesses the biochemical cues to promote cell survival. However, decellularized, the ECM loses its cell supporting mechanical integrity. We report, here, a new biohybrid vascular graft fabricated from a blend of polycaprolactone (PCL), poliglecaprone (PGC), and incorporated with human biomatrix as functional materials for vascular tissue interfacing applications, thus harnessing the biochemical cues from the ECM and the mechanical integrity of the polymer blends. The fabricated fibro-porous tubular small diameter graft (i.d. = 4 mm) from electrospun polymer blend was coated with HuBiogeltm, a cocktail of collagenous matrix derived from human placenta called . The compositional, morphological, and mechanical properties of graft were measured, analyzed, and compared with a non-coated tubular PCL/PGC graft using Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). BCA assay was used to calculate the protein content and coating-uniformity throughout the hybrid graft. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength (1.6 MPa), Young's modulus (2.4 MPa), burst pressure (>1900 mmHg), and suture retention strength (2.3 N) of hybrid graft were found to be comparable to native blood vessels. Protein coating has improved the hydrophilicity and the biocompatibility (cell viability and cell-attachment) enhanced with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) seeded in vitro onto the lumen layer of the graft over two weeks. The overall results promise this new biohybrid graft to be a potential candidate for vascular tissue interface and regeneration.