Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and approximately 42% of all cases diagnosed each year worldwide are diagnosed in China. A large number of clinical applications have revealed that Trametes robiniophila Μurr. (Huaier) exhibits an anti-tumour effect. However, loss of the bioactive components of Huaier during the extraction procedure with water is unavoidable, and the underlying mechanism of the anti-cancer effect of Huaier remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effect of Huaier n-butanol extract, which contained 51.4% total flavonoids, on HGC27, MGC803, and AGS human GC cell lines in vitro. At a low concentration, Huaier n-butanol extract inhibited the growth of these GC cell types, induced cell cycle arrest and reduced cell metastasis. Moreover, Huaier n-butanol extract suppressed the c-Myc-Bmi1 signalling pathway, and overexpression of Bmi1 reversed the effects of Huaier n-butanol extract on GC cells. Thus, our findings indicate that Huaier n-butanol extract suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells via a c-Myc-Bmi1-mediated approach, providing a new perspective for our understanding of the anti-tumour effects of Huaier. These results suggest that Huaier n-butanol extract could be an attractive therapeutic adjuvant for the treatment of human GC.
Highlights
Cancer is currently one of the most important public health problems in the world
Huaier n-butanol extract inhibited the growth of these Gastric cancer (GC) cell types by inducing cell cycle arrest and reducing cell metastasis
To examine the anti-cancer effects of Huaier n-butanol extract on GC, MGC803 and HGC27 cells were treated with varying concentrations of Huaier n-butanol extract and cell proliferation was assessed by the CCK-8 assay
Summary
Cancer is currently one of the most important public health problems in the world. Despite improvements in diagnosis, surgical techniques, health care, and adjuvant therapy in recent years, which are all aimed at decreasing cancer mortality, carcinomas greatly attribute to human death. We previously demonstrated that aqueous Huaier extract inhibited cell proliferation, reversed drug resistance, and suppressed metastasis in GC14,15. The most effective site is the locus of n-butanol, which inhibited GC MKN45 cell proliferation at a lower concentration than aqueous Huaier extract[18,19]. We investigated the anti-cancer effect of Huaier n-butanol extract on HGC27, MGC803, and AGS human GC cell lines in vitro. Analysis of the expression of Bmi[1] in 74 GC patient samples indicated that high expression of Bmi[1] in GC tissues predicted lower disease-free survival (DFS) Taken together, these results suggest that Huaier n-butanol extract could be an attractive therapeutic adjuvant for the treatment of human GC
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