Abstract
Brucella, a Gram – (ve) bacterium, causes late abortion in dairy cattle. The genus Brucella has six recognized species on the basis of host specificity but the greatest economic impact results from Brucella abortus. Brucellosis is considered as one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Office International des Epizooties (The World Organization for Animal Health, OIE). It is an important zoonotic disease which causes significant losses in reproduction of sexually mature animals. In pregnant cows, brucellosis is characterized by late abortion, birth of weak calves, stillbirths and infertility. Therefore, a cross – sectional study was conducted in commercial dairy cattle in Bangladesh to describe the epidemiological scenario of Brucella. Nineteen upazillas (sub – districts) from 12 districts of 7 divisions were randomly chosen for the study. A total 44 dairy cattle farm, 1 – 6 farms per upazilla was recruited based on the presence of abortion history within past six months. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect epidemiological information through face to face interview and direct observation. Blood samples and aborted fetuses were collected for laboratory evaluation. Aborted fetuses were collected only from Chattogram Metro. Sero –positivity for Brucella abortus was evaluated on the samples obtained using OIE protocol based iELISA technique. Aborted fetus was evaluated through bacteriological culturing followed by PCR. The overall sero – prevalence of Brucella was 1.50 in dairy cattle of Bangladesh (Herd level and individual level). In this study, iELISA is more specific and sensitive for the detecting the Brucella antibody. PCR gives more accurate and precious results for detecting Brucella abortus .
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