Hronične nezarazne bolesti, promocija zdravlja, ljudska prava i siromaštvo u globalizovanom svetu

Abstract

Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NDCs), including heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes, account for a substantial portion of the global burden of disease. From a projected total of 58 million deaths from all causes in 2005, it is estimated that chronic diseases will account for 35 million, which is double the number of deaths from all infectious diseases (including HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria), maternal and perinatal conditions, and nutritional deficiencies combined: 60% of all deaths are due to chronic diseases. The poorest countries are the worst affected -80% of chronic disease deaths occur in low and middle income countries, where most of the world's. Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. Health is a resource for everyday life, a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources. Health promotion is not just the responsibility of the health sector, but goes beyond healthy life-styles to well-being. The first International Conference on Health Promotion (Ottawa, 1986) is built on the progress made through the Declaration on Primary Health Care at Alma-Ata (Kazahstan, 1978) and the WHO s Targets for Health for All document. The 6n Global Conference on Health Promotion in Bangkok (August, 2005) supported strategies that increase health, one of the fundament ale rights of every human being without discrimination. Human rights are universal, the birthright of every human being and principles of human rights are based to approach to poverty reduction strategies. Lifestyle interventions, importance of primary health care, health promotion strategies, education for health and healthy lifestyles, that is the message of six global conferences on health promotion, from Ottawa (1986), to Bangkok (2005). The disease profile of the world is changing, especially in low and middle income countries. It is vitally important that the impending chronic disease pandemic is recognized, understood and acted on urgently. Without action to address the causes, deaths from chron­ic diseases will increase by 17% between 2005 and 2015. The goal is an additional 2% reduction in chronic disease death rates world­wide, per year, over the next 10 years. This will prevent 36 million premature deaths by 2015. The scientific knowledge to achieve this goal already exists.