人類乳突狀瘤病毒（HPV）於口咽鱗狀細胞癌致癌機轉之角色

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a subset of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. This article reviews the current literature on the role of HPV in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, particularly in relation to epidemiology, risk factors and carcinogenesis. The medical literature on HPV and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma was reviewed with an emphasis on the role of HPV in the pathogenesis of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, based on the level of available evidence. The results indicate HPV has been established as a causative agent in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and biologically active HPV can act as a prognosticator with better overall survival than HPV-negative tumors. In addition, a distinct group of younger patients with limited tobacco and alcohol exposure emerged as characteristic of this HPV-related subset of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis are not completely understood and further studies are needed to assist development of optimal prevention and treatment modalities.