Abstract
Osmanthus fragrans Lour. has traditionally been a popular ornamental plant in China. In this study, ethanol extracts of the leaves of four cultivar groups of O. fragrans were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS). The results suggest that variation in flavonoids among O. fragrans cultivars is quantitative, rather than qualitative. Fifteen components were detected and separated, among which, the structures of 11 flavonoids and two coumarins were identified or tentatively identified. According to principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) based on the abundance of these components (expressed as rutin equivalents), 22 selected cultivars were classified into four clusters. The seven cultivars from Cluster III (‘Xiaoye Sugui’, ‘Boye Jingui’, ‘Wuyi Dangui’, ‘Yingye Dangui’, ‘Danzhuang’, ‘Foding Zhu’, and ‘Tianxiang Taige’), which are enriched in rutin and total flavonoids, and ‘Sijigui’ from Cluster II which contained the highest amounts of kaempferol glycosides and apigenin 7-O-glucoside, could be selected as potential pharmaceutical resources. However, the chemotaxonomy in this paper does not correlate with the distribution of the existing cultivar groups, demonstrating that the distribution of flavonoids in O. fragrans leaves does not provide an effective means of classification for O. fragrans cultivars based on flower color.
Highlights
Osmanthus fragrans Lour. (Oleaceae), a small evergreen tree, is popular due to its aesthetic value and fragrance
Absorption, and mass spectrometry (MS) fragments in the positive mode corresponding to these peaks (Table 1)
C16, the cultivars that contained leaves of C19 were 4.1, 9.1, and 4.9 times higher than those of C4, C21, and C16, the cultivars thatthe lowest amounts, respectively. These results suggested that variation flavonoids among
Summary
Osmanthus fragrans Lour. (Oleaceae), a small evergreen tree, is popular due to its aesthetic value and fragrance. As a traditional ornamental plant, O. fragrans has been cultivated for more than 2500 years in China. Exhibiting abundant variation, cultivars of O. fragrans have been classified into four groups, Albus Group, Luteus Group, Aurantiacus Group, and Asiaticus Group, based on flowering season and flower color [1]. Asiaticus Group cultivars, called the four-season group, bloom in autumn and several other times during the entire year. Cultivars in the other three groups only bloom in autumn. These three autumn cultivar groups can be distinguished by flower color: cultivars in the Albus Group produce white to yellowish white flowers (RHSCC value of 1 to 8), those in the Luteus Group have yellow flowers (RHSCC value of 9–20), and flowers of the Aurantiacus
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