HPLC-UV characterization, anticholinesterase, and free radical-scavenging activities of Rosa moschata Herrm. leaves and fruits methanolic extracts

Abstract

In the current research, we have investigated the antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory potentials of Rosa moschata Herrm. leaves and fruits methanolic extract (RmL.Ext and RmF.Ext) for the first time. To determine the rough estimate of phytochemical composition of extracts, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using standard methods. Moreover, the phenolic compounds present in the extracts were identified by HPLC-UV analysis. The cholinesterase activities were determined following the Ellman’s assay. The antioxidant activities of extracts were investigated using DPPH and ABTS assays. Significant anticholinesterase potentials were exhibited by RmL.Ext with IC50 of 40 and 110 µg/ml against AChE and BChE respectively. In addition, RmL.Ext also scavenged the DPPH (IC50 = 360 µg/ml) and ABTS (IC50 = 105 µg/ml) free radicals. Comparatively, the leaves extract was more potent than fruits extract. Malic acid, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, rutin, pyrogallol, mandelic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, and morin were identified as the possible potent antioxidants present in extract. Based on the current results of the study, it may be inferred that RmL.Ext and RmF.Ext of R. moschata are rich in bioactive compounds responsible for the free radicals scavenging and cholinesterases inhibition and this plant may be a valuable candidate for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, like Alzheimer’s disease. However, further investigation in terms of isolation of bioactive compounds and their screening of toxicological effects in animal models are needed to validate the observed results.