Abstract
In the present study, the effects of the ripening stage, processing method, and geographical origin were investigated through the analysis of carobs and derived products by use of high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-HRMS), in combination with chemometric analysis. The distribution of secondary metabolites across the fruit was also established through the characterization of the phenolic pattern of different carob parts. It was observed that carob seeds represent a better potential source of polyphenols since significantly higher levels were demonstrated. The content of polyphenols of both pulp and seeds was diminished upon maturation. Therefore, unripe pods were considerably more enriched in polyphenols. Noticeable changes were also observed during carob processing, especially over the thermal treatment of carob products. In regard to the effect of geographical origin, a multivariate statistical approach was employed to study the relationship between the phenolic composition of carobs and their growing regions.
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