HPB SO01 - Preoperative respiratory disease and outcomes of pancreatoduodenectomy performed for malignancy

Abstract

Abstract Background Despite improvements to morbidity and mortality rates in recent decades, pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) remains a high-risk operation. Patients with pre-existing respiratory disease are likely to be at increased risk of developing postoperative complications but few prior studies have investigated this. This may be as few patients with significant respiratory pathology are considered appropriate surgical candidates. This study aimed to compare PD outcomes in patients with a prior respiratory condition to those without. The outcomes of interest were median length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission, 90-day mortality, unplanned return to theatre rate and five-year survival. Method Data was extracted from the Recurrence After Whipple’s (RAW) study, a multicentre retrospective cohort study of outcomes of PD performed for pancreatic head malignancy (29 centres in 8 countries, n=1484). Pre-existing respiratory disease included a prior diagnosis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary embolism, asbestosis, obstructive sleep apnoea, pleural effusion, tuberculosis, pulmonary sarcoidosis, pneumoconiosis or hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact test were used to compare the two groups. Results Out of a total of 1484 cases, 142 patients (9.6%) had a pre-existing respiratory comorbidity. Asthma and COPD both affected 4.2% of patients. All other included pathologies affected less than one percent of patients. 30-day readmission (8.5% vs 9.1%, p=0.1), 90-day mortality (1.4% vs 3.7%, p=0.2), and unplanned return to theatre rate (3.5% vs 5.1%, p=0.5) were similar between the two groups, however, median LOS was significantly longer in those with a prior respiratory disease (14 vs 13 days, p<0.0001). Five-year survival was also higher in those without respiratory disease, but this was not quite significant (24.6% vs 32.5%, p=0.06). Conclusion In our multicentre study of patients with confirmed malignancy, PD patients with a preoperative respiratory disease had significantly longer length of stay. Five-year survival rates were slightly lower but this was not quite significant.