Abstract

We study approximation properties of hp-finite element subspaces of $\boldsymbol{\mathsf{H}}(\mathop{{\rm div}},\Omega)$ and $\boldsymbol{\mathsf{H}}(\mathop{{\rm rot}},\Omega)$ on a polygonal domain $\Omega$ using Brezzi--Douglas--Fortin--Marini (BDFM) or Raviart--Thomas (RT) elements. Approximation theoretic results are derived for the hp-version finite element method on non-quasi-uniform meshes of quadrilateral elements with hanging nodes for functions belonging to weighted Sobolev spaces ${\boldsymbol{\mathsf{H}}}_{\omega}^{s,\ell}(\Omega)$ and the countably normed spaces $\pmb{{\cal B}}_{w}^{\ell}(\Omega)$. These results culminate in a proof of the characteristic exponential convergence property of the hp-version finite element method on suitably designed meshes under similar conditions needed for the analysis of the ${\boldsymbol{\mathsf{H}}}^{1}(\Omega)$ case. By way of illustration, exponential convergence rates are deduced for mixed hp-approximation of flow in porous media.

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