Abstract
Understanding travel behavior and its relationship with built environment is crucial for sustainable transportation and land-use policy-making. This study provides additional insights into the linkage between the built environment and travel mode choice by looking at the built environment characteristics at both the trip origin and destination in the context of transit-oriented development (TOD). The objective of this research is to provide a better understanding of how travel mode choice is influenced by the built environment surrounding both trip end locations. Specifically, it investigates the effect of transit-oriented development policy and the way it affects people’s mode choice decisions. This is accomplished by developing discrete choice models and consideration of urban form characteristics at both trip ends. Our findings not only confirmed the important role the built environment plays in influencing mode choice, but also highlighted the influence of policies, such as TOD, at both trip end locations. Results suggest that the probability of choosing transit and non-motorized modes is higher for trips originating and ending in TOD areas. However, the magnitude of this TOD effect is larger at trip origin compared to destination. Higher residential and employment densities at both trips ends are also associated with lower probability of auto and higher probability of transit and non-motorized mode choices.
Highlights
The relationship between the built environment and travel patterns have received significant scholarly attention within the past few decades
Based on all of the discussions above, the objective of this paper is to understand how the mode choice decision is made in response to the built environment characteristics of both the trip origin and destination, if one or both trip ends are located within a transit-oriented development (TOD) boundary
This study investigated the effect of the built environment, and TOD policy, at both trip origin and destination on travel mode choice, using data from the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area
Summary
The relationship between the built environment and travel patterns have received significant scholarly attention within the past few decades. Previous research suggests that changing the urban form pattern to a more compact, transit-friendly, and mixed-use pattern will eventually result in lower auto dependency and promote transit and non-motorized modes [1,2,3,4]. Among various policies to promote transit ridership and cope with congestion, transit-oriented development (TOD) has become popular recently; it has been implemented in many regions in response to issues associated with urban sprawl and high auto dependency. TOD offers many social, environmental, economic, and health benefits. It is associated with high-density, mixed-use development and walkable design, which brings various opportunities closer to residential locations, and facilitate walking, cycling, and transit mode choice [5]. It is expected that people living in TODs have a more sustainable and active lifestyle and less automobile dependency [5,6]
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