Abstract

Discrete Element Modeling (DEM) is a powerful method to simulate macro and micromechanical features of granular soils and is commonly used for modelling the changes in pore water pressure and particle breakage under high pressures. Breakage of particles can significantly affect the behavior of soils by changing the shear strength, internal friction angle, anisotropic parameters and pore water pressure. Also, it is observed that the particle breakage can be different under drained versus undrained conditions. This paper provides a review about various techniques in DEM for modeling the behavior of granular soils under high pressure. Apart from explaining the basic concept of each technique, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. Recommendations are provided as to which approach needs to be taken for different applications. Factors such as particle shape and size distribution, level of accuracy, simulation time and computational costs need to be considered before choosing an appropriate numerical approach.

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