Abstract
Abstract As royal forces besieged Parisian frondeur rebels in early 1649, pamphleteers developed potent rhetorical tools to rally virtuous French people against the foreign enemies in their midst. Authors mixed contemporary conceptions of emotion with accepted wisdom on embodied traits in order to bind their audience together. Their vision of patrie community was defined by love and sacrifice for the innocent French, and rage against the foreigners who persecuted them. The rout of frondeur forces at the battle of Charenton on 8 February 1649 provided a tragic, but useful opportunity to distil this message. Propagandists imagined encounters between the royalist general Condé and his slain friend and lieutenant Châtillon to clarify the emotions and actions befitting a true Frenchman, in the throes of a burgeoning civil war. Even in the face of a stinging defeat, rebel authors effectively made shared emotions the foundation of a ‘pure’ French community.
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