Abstract
There are many causes of abnormally low well production rates, and a good engineering approach should identify them. They include low permeability, low reservoir pressure, high bottomhole pressure (BHP), high reservoir fluid viscosity, and high skin. The remainder of this paper considers the elements that can contribute to a successful hydraulic-fracture-treating program. Not all the elements need to be done in every case. However, they should be considered carefully, because they might affect both the success and the interpretation of the fracture-stimulation treatment. Inadequate evaluation could fail to identify changes and improvements to include in subsequent treatments. The following sections cover the pretreatment, execution, and evaluation phases of hydraulic fracturing. As can be appreciated, the key phase in fracture design is the pretreatment analysis.
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